- What it is
- Removal of part or all of the rectum through several small incisions, using a camera and laparoscopic instruments. It is most often performed to treat rectal cancer. The remaining bowel is usually reconnected; in some patients a temporary or permanent stoma is needed.
- Common reasons
- Rectal cancer, and selected non-cancerous conditions such as large rectal polyps that cannot be removed endoscopically.
- Before surgery
- Treatment is planned after staging tests, commonly colonoscopy with biopsy, pelvic MRI and CT, and discussion by a multidisciplinary team. Some patients receive radiotherapy or chemotherapy, delivered by oncologists, before surgery.
- How it is performed
- Under general anaesthesia, the affected part of the rectum is removed together with the surrounding fatty tissue that contains lymph nodes (the mesorectum), following anatomical planes. The bowel is then reconnected or a stoma is formed.
- Recovery
- A hospital stay of several days is common. Bowel habits often change after rectal surgery and may improve gradually over months. Recovery depends on the operation performed and on each patient's health.
- Possible risks
- Bleeding, infection, leakage from the bowel join (anastomotic leak), injury to nearby organs, urinary or sexual dysfunction, long-term changes in bowel function, blood clots, risks of anaesthesia, and the possible need to convert to open surgery.
- Documented experience
- Listed among the key oncological procedures in Dr. Naser Dib's CV.